More complicated than 1-2-3
Genomic analysis of a key innovation in an experimental Escherichia coli population 19 September 2012 Abstract excerpt: “Our findings illustrate the importance of promoter capture and altered gene regulation in mediating the exaptation events that often underlie evolutionary innovations.”
How Organisms Evolve New Functions: Evolution Is as Complicated as 1-2-3
Excerpt: “The actual mutation involved is quite complex. It re-arranged part of the bacteria’s DNA, making a new regulatory module that had not existed before. This new module causes the production of a protein that allows the bacteria to bring citrate into the cell when oxygen is present. ”Excerpt: “It wasn’t a typical mutation at all, where just one base-pair, one letter, in the genome is changed,” he said. “Instead, part of the genome was copied so that two chunks of DNA were stitched together in a new way. One chunk encoded a protein to get citrate into the cell, and the other chunk caused that protein to be expressed.”My comment: The evolution of the ability to use citrate occurs over generations of change, which means that nutrient chemical-dependent pheromone-controlled reproduction also occurs. This adds an important factor to their details of promoter capture and altered gene regulation in mediating the exaptation events.species survival, the nutrient chemical must be metabolized to a species-specific pheromone that helps to controls the reproduction of organisms as they evolve to better use the citrate molecule.
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