Thermodynamics and protein folding landscapes

By: James V. Kohl | Published on: April 29, 2015

The map of the body’s proteins

Excerpt 1)

Around half of our proteins are present in all of the body’s cells; these are known as ‘basic proteins’. Other proteins most commonly occur in one organ, but the researchers discovered that there are relatively few proteins which are unique to a certain tissue.

Excerpt 2)

‘Our role in the project is above all linked to the medical and clinical aspects. Medical background knowledge is required to interpret what we see in the microscope’, says Fredrik Pontén.
‘Proximity and access to biobanks have been extremely important, as has the development of techniques for analysing gene expressions on both the RNA and protein level.’

My comment: Anyone who thinks energy landscapes can be linked via mutations and natural selection to the evolution of biodiversity via differences between ‘basic proteins’ and proteins that are unique to a certain tissue, can now compare their ridiculous thoughts to examples of nutrient-dependent pheromone-controlled life history transitions via RNA-mediated amino acid substitutions in the cell types of individuals and species from microbes to humans. Serious scientists obviously are going to continue their accurate representation of biophysically constrained diversity. See, for example: Coevolutionary information, protein folding landscapes, and the thermodynamics of natural selection reported as” From eons to seconds, proteins exploit the same forces
See also: Topology, structures, and energy landscapes of human chromosomes reported as: Chromosome-folding theory shows promise
Links from the anti-entropic epigenetic (e.g., energy) landscape to the physical landscape of DNA are also reported in: Nutrient-dependent / Pheromone-controlled adaptive evolution: (a mammalian model of thermodynamics and organism-level thermoregulation) and Nutrient-dependent pheromone-controlled ecological adaptations: from atoms to ecosystems.
Clearly, Combating Evolution to Fight Disease is not possible without the “Medical background knowledge [that] is required to interpret what we see in the microscope.” When others saw the the bacterial flagellum had re-evolved over the weekend, their results were not reported in the context of nutrient-dependent pheromone-controlled ecological adaptation. See:

Evolutionary Rewiring: Strong selective pressure can lead to rapid and reproducible evolution in bacteria.

Why haven’t evolutionary theorists realized what serious scientists have claimed about the need for experimental evidence that establishes reproducible biologically-based cause and effect?  First theorists claimed there were many more human genes. When the number was insufficient to explain the evolution of biodiversity, theorists continued to claim that mutations and natural selection had explanatory power.
What serious scientists have continued to claim, since ~1973, is that amino acid substitutions differentiate cell types.  “…the so-called alpha chains of hemoglobin have identical sequences of amino acids in man and the chimpanzee, but they differ in a single amino acid (out of 141) in the gorilla” (p. 127). — Nothing in Biology Makes Any Sense Except in the Light of Evolution
No one has claimed that mutations differentiate cell types. Perhaps that is because most people know that mutations lead to the undifferentiated cell types found in cancer. Serious scientists know that mutations perturb protein folding, which is why serious scientists don’t link mutations to the biophysically constrained chemistry of nutrient-dependent cell type differentiation that is required for fixation of RNA-mediated amino acid substitutions to occur in the context of the physiology of reproduction.  For contrast, everything known about nutritional epigenetics and pharmacogenomics will continue to be the focus of serious scientists who understand that metabolic networks must be linked to genetic networks to explain how ecological variation leads to ecological adaptations.


Subscribe
Notify of
guest
0 Comments
Oldest
Newest Most Voted
Inline Feedbacks
View all comments

Want more on the same topic?

Swipe/Drag Left and Right To Browse Related Posts: