Models are not theories (1)

By: James V. Kohl | Published on: November 14, 2015

Cells or Animals: Which model is better?

Excerpt:

…animal models allow testing on intact physiological systems of many cell types simultaneously.

Excerpt: 

…it is important to note that human and rodent physiology is not identical, and even sophisticated animal models can have shortcomings.

My comment: For comparison to neo-Darwinian theories, it is more important to note that the RNA-mediated cell type differentiation of all living genera is nutrient-dependent and controlled by the physiology of reproduction. Also note, in species from microbes to humans, RNA-mediated amino acids differentiate cell types.
The fact that RNA-mediated amino acids differentiate cell types was placed into the context of links from nutrient-dependent base pair changes and supercoiled DNA, which appears to protect organized genomes from virus-driven genomic entropy.
See: Structural diversity of supercoiled DNA
Conclusion:

Our data provide relative comparisons of supercoiling-dependent twisted, writhed, curved, and kinked conformations and associated base exposure. Each of these structural features may be differentially recognized by the proteins, nucleic acids, and small molecules that modulate DNA metabolic processes.

See also:  All About that Base (Meghan Trainor Parody)

Note: We’re bringing Franklin back is a claim that appears to link Rosalind Franklin’s works with viruses to supercoiled DNA.

My comment: Viruses perturb the nutrient-dependent DNA metabolic processes that are consistently linked from the balance of nutrient-dependent microRNAs and messenger RNAs to RNA-mediated cell type differentiation and healthy longevity.  The links from viruses to pathology have typically not included links to behavior. Instead, mutations and evolution have been linked to morphological and to behavioral diversity via simplistic claims that “evolution is true.” It so, the following conclusion is supported by simple-minded claims.

…genomic conservation and constraint-breaking mutation is the ultimate source of all biological innovations and the enormous amount of biodiversity in this world. In this view of evolution there is no need of considering teleological elements” (p. 199).

That view of evolution was reported in this article:  We are all mutants
Excerpt:

In the early ’90s, Nei was a co-developer of free software that creates evolutionary trees based on genetic data. Two decades later, Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis, or MEGA, remains one of the most widely used and cited computer programs in biology.

My comment: The simple-minded neo-Darwinian nonsense that theorists accept as truth is based on population genetics — without consideration for RNA-mediated cell type differentiation. That neo-Darwinian pseudoscientific nonsense — can now be examined in the context of nutrient-dependent microRNAs and behavior. MicroRNAs have been linked from behavior to supercoiled DNA that protects organized genomes from constraint breaking mutations.


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