Pheromone-controlled autophagy

By: James V. Kohl | Published on: October 19, 2016

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Reporting new theories of evolution that fail to address facts about how energy-dependent changes link angstroms to ecosystems via chromosomal rearrangements in all living genera is like reporting old theories that have been invalidated by experimental evidence of biologically-based cause and effect.

See for example:

2016-04-20
Roberto Cazzolla Gatti. A conceptual model of new hypothesis on the evolution of biodiversity, Biologia (2016). DOI: 10.1515/biolog-2016-0032
2016-05-17 David Enard et al. Viruses are a dominant driver of protein adaptation in mammals, eLife (2016). DOI: 10.7554/eLife.12469
2016-05-31 Jamie E Henzy et al. Phylogenetic sleuthing reveals pair of paralogous genes, eLife (2016). DOI: 10.7554/eLife.17224
2016-10-12 Virus-mediated archaeal hecatomb in the deep seafloor

This science news site appears to be collaborating with pseudoscientists to disseminate misinformation. See: Two new studies confirm the ‘endogenosymbiosis’ hypothesis

Excerpt:

This idea challenges the canonical natural selection models based on the gradualism of the mutation-adaptation pattern, providing more support to the punctuated equilibrium theory proposed by Jay Gould and Eldredge.
Now, two independent studies recently published on eLife have empirically confirmed Cazzolla Gatti’s hypothesis and gave it the status of a new evolutionary theory.

My comment: Until pseudoscientists stop touting virus-driven hecatombic evolution, very few people will understand how to differentiate their “new evolutionary” theories from facts about polycombic ecological adaptation.

There is no need for his hypothesis or for a new evolutionary theory. There is a model of RNA-mediated cell type differentiation and chromosomal rearrangements that links the innate immune system to supercoiled DNA via the physiology of reproduction in all living genera.
The model of polycombic ecological adaptation can be compared to any theory that starts with hecatombic evolution via the virus-driven death of archaea. Virus-driven pathology is the antithesis of nutrient-dependent polycombic ecological adaptation in bacteria.
The transgenerational epigenetic inheritance of Zika virus damage occurs via the conserved molecular mechanisms that attest to the facts about speciation in the context of Darwin’s “conditions of life.”

Natural selection for energy-dependent codon optimality and the pheromone-controlled physiology of reproduction clearly link the difference between polycombic ecological adaptation and hecatombic evolution to facts about healthy longevity for comparison to virus-driven energy theft and all pathology in all living genera.

See for example: As Florida voters are asked to weigh in on a GM mosquito field trial, where is (and isn’t) the science of Zika virus control?
See for comparison: Autophagy: cellular and molecular mechanisms

Excerpt:

Autophagy is a self-degradative process that is important for balancing sources of energy at critical times in development and in response to nutrient stress. Autophagy also plays a housekeeping role in removing misfolded or aggregated proteins, clearing damaged organelles, such as mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum and peroxisomes, as well as eliminating intracellular pathogens.

My comment: Autophagy is energy-dependent

See also:

Nutrient-dependent autophagy

Could sensitivity to a specific odour, like or dislike of a specific food, fear of a specific animal or scenario, or adaptation to a lifestyle be inherited?

My comment: Of course ecological adaptation is inherited via energy-dependent changes in the microRNA/messenger RNA balance. More that 54,000 indexed publications on PubMed attest to that fact.
Excerpt 2)

Indeed, recent reports have demonstrated that inheritance of acquired traits could be as precise as the epigenetic memory of a specific odour6, giving rise to wide-ranging possibilities for the inheritance of other life experiences.

My comment: All reports of experimental evidence since the time that Thomas Hunt Morgan won the 1933 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine have demonstrated that the memory of specific odors is the link from the epigenetic landscape to the physical landscape of supercoiled DNA and the chromosomal rearrangements linked to all biodiversity. The link from chromosomal rearrangements to all biodiversity is energy-dependent.
See also: Energy hijacking pathway found within photosynthesis

The second pathway plunders electrons from any available source, notably the electrode. It draws them towards oxygen molecules that have already been created within the enzyme, as part of the oxidation process. In effect, it “steals” energy, short-circuiting and reducing the system’s overall performance.
As well as unfavourable, the effect is also potentially destructive. As the electrons are taken up by the molecular oxygen, they form a reactive compound, hydrogen peroxide, which damages the enzyme and the system that contains it. Effectively, the pathway “self-harms” the system.
While in living organisms the formation of these damaging species is likely to be mitigated by other natural processes, if humans are to manufacture anything like Photosystem II in the future to create artificial photosynthetic devices, they will have to find a way to do the same thing.

Ultrasmall nanoparticles induce ferroptosis in nutrient-deprived cancer cells and suppress tumour growth
Reported in Med Tech News from Medgadget

Cornell dots, or C dots for short, are tiny silica particles that fluoresce under certain conditions. They have shown promise as a way of tagging tumors in preparation for removal, but during safety testing of the C dots a remarkable new ability was discovered. When the peptide-coated C dots were introduced in high doses to tumor cells that were nutrient starved, they seemed to channel iron from the nearby environment into the inside of the tumor cells. This caused the nutrient deprived tumors to die due to their cells’ plasma membrane breaking up into multiple pieces.Interestingly, this process does not seem to play out within healthy cells or well fed tumor cells. And it seems to work not just in a Petri dish, but in living animals too. When mice with tumors were exposed to high doses of the peptide-coated C dots, their tumors shrank while there were no noticeable side effects from the treatment.

Peptides: (“to digest”) are biologically occurring short chains of amino acid monomers linked by peptide (amide) bonds.
Autophagy: digestion to eliminate phages (bacteriophages from DNA)
Nutrient-dependent pheromone-controlled autophagy biophysically constrains viruses in species from bacteria to humans. The claim that autophagy eliminates bacteriophages is a false claim. If you believe that anything except natural selection for energy-dependent codon optimality biophysically constrains virus-driven energy theft and genomic entropy in species from mosquitoes to mammals, you have probably learned taught to believe in lies based on hypotheses. Now there are more of them, but no other model of biologically-based cause and effect.