Long-term adaptation replaces evolution

By: James V. Kohl | Published on: October 21, 2017

Long-term adaptation is energy-dependent and biophysically constrained by the pheromone-controlled physiology of reproduction, which links the fixation of amino acid substitutions in organized genomes to all morphological and behavioral diversity. The molecular details of adaptation refute every aspect of neo-Darwinian pseudoscientific nonsense that has ever been touted by biologically uninformed science idiots.
New discovery challenges long-held evolutionary theory

Monash scientists involved in one of the world’s longest evolution experiments have debunked an established theory with a study that provides a ‘high-resolution’ view of the molecular details of adaptation.

“…the established theory tells us that adaptation should have stopped by now since there should be a ‘fitness peak'” that the E.coli should have reached by now – and our work shows that this is not the case.”

See: Nutrient-dependent/pheromone-controlled adaptive evolution: a model (2013)
See also: Nutrient-dependent pheromone-controlled ecological adaptations: from atoms to ecosystems (2014)

This atoms to ecosystems model of ecological adaptations links nutrient-dependent epigenetic effects on base pairs and amino acid substitutions to pheromone-controlled changes in the microRNA / messenger RNA balance and chromosomal rearrangements. The nutrient-dependent pheromone-controlled changes are required for the thermodynamic regulation of intracellular signaling, which enables biophysically constrained nutrient-dependent protein folding; experience-dependent receptor-mediated behaviors, and organism-level thermoregulation in ever-changing ecological niches and social niches. Nutrient-dependent pheromone-controlled ecological, social, neurogenic and socio-cognitive niche construction are manifested in increasing organismal complexity in species from microbes to man. Species diversity is a biologically-based nutrient-dependent morphological fact and species-specific pheromones control the physiology of reproduction. The reciprocal relationships of species-typical nutrient-dependent morphological and behavioral diversity are enabled by pheromone-controlled reproduction. Ecological variations and biophysically constrained natural selection of nutrients cause the behaviors that enable ecological adaptations. Species diversity is ecologically validated proof-of-concept. Ideas from population genetics, which exclude ecological factors, are integrated with an experimental evidence-based approach that establishes what is currently known. This is known: Olfactory/pheromonal input links food odors and social odors from the epigenetic landscape to the physical landscape of DNA in the organized genomes of species from microbes to man during their development.

See for comparison:The dynamics of molecular evolution over 60,000 generations  (2017)

The outcomes of evolution are determined by a stochastic dynamical process that governs how mutations arise and spread through a population. However, it is difficult to observe these dynamics directly over long periods and across entire genomes. Here we analyse the dynamics of molecular evolution in twelve experimental populations of Escherichia coli, using whole-genome metagenomic sequencing at five hundred-generation intervals through sixty thousand generations. Although the rate of fitness gain declines over time, molecular evolution is characterized by signatures of rapid adaptation throughout the duration of the experiment, with multiple beneficial variants simultaneously competing for dominance in each population. Interactions between ecological and evolutionary processes play an important role, as long-term quasi-stable coexistence arises spontaneously in most populations, and evolution continues within each clade. We also present evidence that the targets of natural selection change over time, as epistasis and historical contingency alter the strength of selection on different genes. Together, these results show that long-term adaptation to a constant environment can be a more complex and dynamic process than is often assumed.

Long-term adaptation is energy-dependent and biophysically constrained by the pheromone-controlled physiology of reproduction, which links the fixation of amino acid substitutions in organized genomes to all morphological and behavioral diversity.
 


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