Multigenerational epigenetic inheritance (4)
One year ago, Kevin J. Mitchell published Innate How the Wiring of Our Brains Shapes Who We Are
My review: Ignoring light-activated microRNA biogenesis 10/16/18
He frames his claims in the context of random mutations and evolved biodiversity despite the facts that serious scientists have detailed. For example, ages 10+ can learn how the creation of subatomic particles must be linked from cytosis to biophysically constrained viral latency and sympatric speciation.
The physiology of reproduction is linked to heredity in species from soil bacteria to humans via EDAR V370A (an amino acid substitution) in mice; in populations found in North and East Asia; and in populations in the New World.
I could go on about the facts about cell type differentiation for hours or refer you to MicroRNA.pro or one of my other domains. Alternatively, you could see the work that was published today: “MicroRNAs buffer genetic variation at specific temperatures during embryonic development” for comparison to our 1996 review of molecular epigenetics: “From Fertilization to Adult Sexual Behavior”
For comparison, see What are the Laws of Biology?
As we have learned more and more details in more and more areas, we seem to have actually moved further and further away from any kind of unifying framework.
See also: “Kohl’s Laws of Biology” in Nutrient-dependent Pheromone-Controlled Ecological Adaptations: From Angstroms to Ecosystems 4/18/18
Life is nutrient-dependent. That is a Biological Law. The ecological origin of all biological laws is apparent 1) in the context of systems biology [87]; 2) in the context of the metabolism of nutrients by microbes [153]; and 3) in the context of how the metabolism of nutrients results in species-specific pheromones that control the physiology of reproduction [154]. Taken together, the systems biology of nutrient metabolism to species-specific pheromones, which control the physiology of reproduction, can be expressed in a summary of Kohl’s Laws of Biology:
1) Life is nutrient-dependent. See for review [27,155]. The physiology of reproduction is pheromone-controlled. See for review [26]. In the context of nutrient-dependent epigenetically-effected human reproduction, it is clearer that the epigenetic effects of human pheromones integrate neuroendocrinology and behavior [100], which includes the neuroendocrinology of mammalian behavior associated with the development of sexual preferences [156].
Kohl’s Laws help to explain what was missing from Darwin’s conditions of life.’ Darwin knew nothing about genetics, which means he knew nothing about the epigenetic effects of food odors or pheromones.
Does Kevin J. Mitchell’s limited knowledge of light-activated microRNA biogenesis as the energy source for all biophysically constrained biodiversity in the context of the physiology of reproduction make him a loser via his claims about the Laws of Biology?
Remember: Nobody wants to belong to the party of losers. One of the best strategies in such a case is evidently an interpretation of the change as a gradual accumulation of knowledge while their work has always been at the cutting edge. — Kalevi Kull
See first: Chemogenetic kinetics (7): DHA vs consensus (4)
I repeat: Mammalian Y RNAs are modified at discrete guanosine residues with N-glycans 9/30/19
…mammalian cells use RNA as a third scaffold for glycosylation in the secretory pathway.
…RNA glycosylation depends on the canonical N-glycan biosynthetic machinery within the ER/Golgi luminal spaces.
…these findings suggest the existence of a ubiquitous interface of RNA biology and glycobiology suggesting an expanded role for glycosylation beyond canonical lipid and protein scaffolds.
See for comparison: Vertebrate protein glycosylation: diversity, synthesis and function 2/25/14
…biochemical, mutagenesis and domain-swapping studies have demonstrated that amino acid sequences within the cytoplasmic, transmembrane and stalk domains of individual transferases, as well as disulphide bond formation between the lumenal domains of glycosyltransferase monomers, can contribute to targeting67–72.
Mammals are vertebrates, but see the claim that First author postdoc @raflynn5 launched a new chapter in both RNA biology and glycobiology with this one!
For an accurate representation of what is now being reported as if no one knew about the so-called “ubiquitous interface of RNA biology and glycobiology.” see:
Dependence of RNA synthesis in isolated thymus nuclei on glycolysis, oxidative carbohydrate catabolism and a type of “oxidative phosphorylation” (1964)
The synthesis of RNA in isolated thymus nuclei is ATP dependent.
See also: “chemogenetic kinetics”
Find others who have linked the light-activated assembly of the microRNA-RNA-peptide nanocomplex from the physiology of reproduction to biophysically constrained viral latency and the biogenesis of all biodiversity on Earth.
For example, see Accelerated Evolution Biotechnologies
Initially, these researchers reported “Proof of concept” in the context of: “The Effect of EGFR Targeting Peptides isolated by us on EGFR Autophosphorylation”
The ability of different peptides to inhibit autophosphorylation of EGFR is presented by the decrease of the fluorescent signal (Y axis).
Oxidative phosphorylation is energy dependent and it has been linked since 1964 to what is now known about chemogenetic kinetics and how viruses cause the degradation of messenger RNA, which links mutations to all pathology.
The virus-driven theft of energy causes the degradation of messenger RNA and mutations. Fixation of energy-dependent RNA-mediated amino acid substitutions is the chemogenetic kinetic link from energy-dependent kinetics to single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and genetic variants.
For example, more than 1800 human hemoglobin variants have been linked to all morphological and behavioral traits, which have been linked to ethnic diversity.
See: HbVar: A Database of Human Hemoglobin Variants and Thalassemias
Differences of the beta chain of hemoglobin have also been linked across species to differences in primates, including:
1: Human
2: Chimpanzee (a Great Ape)
3: Gorilla (a Great Ape)
4: Common Gibbon (a “Lesser” Ape)
5: Rhesus Monkey (an Old World Monkey)
6: Squirrel Monkey (a New World Monkey)
7: Ring-tail lemur (a Prosimian)
The above table shows that humans and chimpanzees have identical beta chain hemoglobin, while differences exist between humans and other species studied. The beta chain has 146 amino acids, the alpha chain has 141 amino acids, and there are two identical chains of alpha and two identical chains of beta per person, or 141+141+146+146= 574 amino acids per person. A person with sickle cell anemia would have 1 difference in each of the beta chains compared to a normal human or chimpanzee.
If this is the first time you have heard that food energy-dependent pheromone-controlled biophysically constrained RNA-mediated fixation of amino acid substitutions is the key to all primate diversity and ethnic diversity, see:
Pheromonal Regulation of Genetic Processes: Research on the House Mouse (Mus musculus L.) (1994)
The specificity of pheromonal regulation depends on such significant characteristics as population density and population structure (age and genetic).
See also: Cytogenetic approaches for determining ecological stress in aquatic and terrestrial biosystems (2015)
We present a step-by-step recommendations for the analysis of the cytogenetic data and discuss the prospects of applying genetic tests for ecological monitoring, based on the example of analysis using crustacean species.
The link across species and individuals to food energy-dependent pheromone-controlled brain development was placed into this context:
Chemogenetic Tools to Interrogate Brain Functions 6/16/14
These tools have revealed remarkably specific behavioral physiological influences for molecularly defined cell types that are often intermingled with populations having different or even opposite functions.