morphology

The eternal significance of microRNAs (1)

April 10, 2018
James Kohl
Adaptations, Alternative Splicings, Autophagy, base editing, biophotonics, Cytosis, Diseases & Disorders, Ecology, Light Energy, microRNA editing, Model Organisms, Nutrigenomics, Physics, RNA Directed, RNA editing, RNA interference, RNA methylation, RNA-directed DNA methylation, RNA-mediated epigenetic regulation of gene expression, RNA-mediated gene silencing, RNA-mediated toxicity, RNA–Mediated Epigenetic Heredity, Variations
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Common Allele Linked to Sugar Consumption Leads to Lower Body Fat, Higher Blood Pressure One energy-dependent change in a base pair is linked from the FGF21 rs838133 variant to microRNA-mediated changes in morphology and behavior. The quantized energy as information link from microRNAs to morphology and behavior is common to my mouse-to-human model of sympatric speciation. By linking the common allele to sugar consumption, the authors attest to the fact that sympatric speciation is quantized energy-dependent. Energy as information biophysically constrains…

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Food for thought: Penrose v Ellis (2)

March 17, 2017
James Kohl
Adaptations, Alternative Splicings, biophotonics, Ecology, Light Energy, Model Organisms, Physics, RNA Directed, RNA methylation, RNA-directed DNA methylation, RNA–Mediated Epigenetic Heredity, Variations
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See Food for thought: Penrose v Ellis (1) Biomimetic mineral self-organization from silica-rich spring waters Purely inorganic reactions of silica, metal carbonates, and metal hydroxides can produce self-organized complex structures that mimic the texture of biominerals, the morphology of primitive organisms, and that catalyze prebiotic reactions. To date, these fascinating structures have only been synthesized using model solutions. We report that mineral self-assembly can be also obtained from natural alkaline silica-rich water deriving from serpentinization. Specifically, we demonstrate three main…

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Energy-dependent chirality (2)

January 1, 2017
James Kohl
Adaptations, biophotonics, Ecology, Light Energy, Model Organisms, Neuronal Plasticity, Physics, RNA Directed, RNA methylation, RNA-directed DNA methylation, RNA–Mediated Epigenetic Heredity, Variations
2 Comments

See Energy-dependent chirality 2013 MicroRNA-based regulation of epithelial–hybrid–mesenchymal fate determination See also E. Ben-Jacob Ben-Jacob et al., have linked everything currently known about natural information processing from natural selection for energy-dependent codon optimality to healthy longevity and from virus-driven energy theft to mutations that cause cancer. See for comparison: LH Tsai Tsai laboratory Our primary goal is to elucidate the mechanisms underlying neurological disorders affecting learning & memory. The major research areas include age disorders, autism, and Alzheimer’s disease. 2012…

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Light, behavior and autophagy, a gender-specific risk factor

November 22, 2016
James Kohl
Adaptations, Alternative Splicings, Autophagy, biophotonics, Diseases & Disorders, Ecology, Light Energy, Model Organisms, Nutrigenomics, Physics, RNA Directed, RNA methylation, RNA-directed DNA methylation
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Structure of photosystem II and substrate binding at room temperature Excerpt: PS II, a membrane-bound multi-subunit pigment protein complex, couples the one-electron photochemistry at the reaction centre with the four-electron redox chemistry of water oxidation at the Mn4CaO5 cluster in the oxygen-evolving complex (OEC). New, detailed snapshots capture photosynthesis at room temperature The living machinery responsible for photosynthesis – while commonplace and essential to life on Earth – is still not fully understood. It is understood at every level of…

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Light ‘drives’ adaptation; nothing ‘drives’ evolution (3)

November 2, 2016
James Kohl
Adaptations, Alternative Splicings, biophotonics, Ecology, Light Energy, Model Organisms, Neuronal Plasticity, Nutrigenomics, Physics, RNA Directed, RNA methylation, RNA-directed DNA methylation, RNA-mediated epigenetic regulation of gene expression, RNA-mediated gene silencing, RNA-mediated toxicity, RNA–Mediated Epigenetic Heredity, Variations
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See also Light ‘drives’ adaptation; nothing ‘drives’ evolution (2) 100 feet below the surface bioluminescent organisms are the dominant light source, study shows Excerpt: “Luminescent marine organisms each have a unique light signature. By looking at the time series light generated by a flash within the instrument, we were able to determine who was there making the flash,” Cohen explained. “It’s a useful tool, particularly at this time of year when relatively few species are present.” Bioluminescence is known to…

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The last RNA-mediated theory killer (2)

October 9, 2016
James Kohl
Adaptations, Alternative Splicings, Autophagy, Diseases & Disorders, Ecology, Human Brain, Human Pheromones, Model Organisms, Neuronal Plasticity, RNA Directed, RNA methylation, Variations
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Autophagy (epigenetically effected by nutrient-energy and controlled by the physiology of reproduction) See for comparison: Virus-driven energy theft and epigenetically-effected autophagy Selleck Chem product use citations Excerpts: Pathological axonal death through a MAPK cascade that triggers a local energy deficit. Inhibitors of cellular kinases with broad-spectrum antiviral activity for hemorrhagic fever viruses. A causal link from ALK to hexokinase II overexpression and hyperactive glycolysis in EML4-ALK-positive lung cancer. The number of citations to published works that link the use of…

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Base pairs, olfaction and RNA thermometers

September 22, 2016
James Kohl
Adaptations, Alternative Splicings, Diseases & Disorders, Ecology, Light Energy, Model Organisms, Neuronal Plasticity, Nutrigenomics, Physics, RNA Directed, RNA methylation, RNA-directed DNA methylation, RNA-mediated epigenetic regulation of gene expression, RNA-mediated gene silencing, RNA-mediated toxicity, RNA–Mediated Epigenetic Heredity, Variations
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RNA thermometer controls temperature-dependent virulence factor expression in Vibrio cholerae (2014) Excerpt: The stem-loop can be stabilized by strengthening the base pairing between the fourU element and SD sequence through the substitution of G-C base pairs, and this results in an elevated melting temperature (10). Conclusion: RNA thermometers represent a simple yet elegant mechanism for controlling temperature-dependent gene expression and may be more widespread among pathogenic bacteria that interact with mammalian hosts than is currently known. See also:  MicroRNA Stability…

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Hydrogen-atom energy in DNA base pairs

September 19, 2016
James Kohl
Adaptations, biophotonics, Diseases & Disorders, Ecology, Light Energy, Model Organisms, Neuronal Plasticity, Physics, RNA Directed, RNA methylation, RNA-directed DNA methylation, RNA-mediated epigenetic regulation of gene expression, RNA-mediated gene silencing, RNA-mediated toxicity, Variations
One Comment

See also: Consciousness is simply food rearranged Role of Double Hydrogen Atom Transfer Reactions in Atmospheric Chemistry Abstract excerpt:  Hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) reactions are ubiquitous and play a crucial role in chemistries occurring in the atmosphere, biology, and industry. My comment: The link from physics to chemistry and the conserved molecular mechanisms of biologically-based RNA-mediated cell type differentiation has been the focus my works for more than 20 years, even before I knew what I would need to explain…

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Antithetical conclusions (4)

August 20, 2016
James Kohl
RNA Directed
No Comments

Evidence for sex-specific genetic architectures across a spectrum of human complex traits …will need to disentangle whether sex genetic heterogeneity may arise as a consequence of interactions with genetic loci located on the sex chromosomes, differences in gene control due to differences in the sex-specific cellular environment, or more general differences in environmental exposures between the sexes. Nutrient energy-dependent pheromone-controlled sex differences in the cell types of species from yeasts to humans link changes in the microRNA/messenger RNA balance and…

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Antithetical conclusions (3)

August 19, 2016
James Kohl
RNA Directed
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Local modulation of chemoattractant concentrations by single cells: dissection using a bulk-surface computational model This is part of the Theme issue ‘Coupling geometric partial differential equations with physics for cell morphology, motility and pattern formation’ Excerpt: “The computed ligand concentration and receptor occupancy on the evolving cell membrane are shown in figure 5.” Conclusion: “…the detailed information gained through simulations of single cells or the interaction of a few cells could be used to better inform agent-based approaches and the…

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