NA-mediated amino acid substitution

Virus-driven energy theft: honeybee model

The Buzz about Honey Bee Viruses August 18, 2016 Similar to other co-evolving host—pathogen relationships, honey bee viruses have likely evolved mechanisms to overcome and/or evade bee immune responses. For example, several honey bee infecting Dicistroviruses (i.e., IAPV, KBV, and ABPV) encode a DvExNPGP motif at the 5′ terminus of their genomes, suggesting these honey Virus-driven energy theft: honeybee model