Human Pheromones in Socioaffective Neuroscience & Psychology

By: James V. Kohl | Published on: March 15, 2012

Articles published in Socioaffective Neuroscience & Psychology are Open Access. They are available for free in the following formats: PDF HTML EPUB XML
Each published article represents rapid movement towards a paradigm shift with regard to understanding the development of behavior. For example see:
Human pheromones and food odors: epigenetic influences on the socioaffective nature of evolved behaviors by James V. Kohl (Published: 15 March 2012) Citation: Socioaffective Neuroscience & Psychology 2012, 2: 17338 – DOI: 10.3402/snp.v2i0.17338
Background: Olfactory cues directly link the environment to gene expression. Two types of olfactory cues, food odors and social odors, alter genetically predisposed hormone-mediated activity in the mammalian brain. Methods: The honeybee is a model organism for understanding the epigenetic link from food odors and social odors to neural networks of the mammalian brain, which ultimately determine human behavior. Results: Pertinent aspects that extend the honeybee model to human behavior include bottom-up followed by top-down gene, cell, tissue, organ, organ-system, and organism reciprocity; neurophysiological effects of food odors and of sexually dimorphic, species-specific social odors; a model of motor function required for social selection that precedes sexual selection; and hormonal effects that link current neuroscience to social science affects on the development of animal behavior. Conclusion: As the psychological influence of food odors and social orders is examined in detail, the socioaffective nature of olfactory cues on the biologically based development of sexual preferences across all species that sexually reproduce becomes clearer
Author’s synopsis:  Nutient chemicals calibrate individual survival and are metabolized to pheromones that standardize and control survival of species from microbes to man. The direct effect of food odors and pheromones on intracellular signaling and stochastic gene expression makes chemical cues as important to the understanding of human behavior as they are to the understanding of behavior in every other species on the planet. This is especially true for placental mammals with behavior that is genetically predisposed by maternal-fetal chemical exchanges, which influence sex differences in brain development. The study of behavior must include the study of sex differences in brain development.
Genetically predisposed sex differences in the brain and behavior are altered by chemical signals from the sensory environment throughout life. The plasticity of the mammalian brain and direct effect of chemical signals ensures our ability to adapt to our social environment in exactly the same way that honeybees adapt to their social environment.
The consistency of molecular biology across Creation exemplifies it. The consistency of Creation also argues against explanations of behavior that are based on anything that does not first involve conditioned responses to olfactory/pheromonal stimuli.  This means that researchers are no longer allowed to offer explanations of behavior for one person based on models that do not apply to all people.
Use of the same model for brain-based behavioral development may reduce the tendency to judge others by different standards than those we use to justify our own behavior.


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